The Development of Lateral Flow Immunoassay for Hepatitis B Detection in Saliva

Abstract (EN)

This study addresses the conventional blood-based approach for hepatitis B testing, aiming to enhance accessibility by developing a lateral flow sensor for hepatitis B virus (HBV) detection in saliva samples. Saliva collection offers a less invasive and more convenient alternative. Employing a lateral flow immunoassay with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) conjugated with antibodies (Ab-AuNPs), the sensor visually displays results based on hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) detection. The sensor's performance was comprehensively assessed, considering the limit of detection, sensitivity, and specificity. Artificial saliva containing varying concentrations of HBsAg was tested, revealing the sensor's capability to detect concentrations as low as 0.025 µg/mL with the naked eye. The lateral flow demonstrated a sensitivity of 83% (10/12) in positive controls and a specificity of 100% (8/8) in negative controls. Evaluation of the lateral flow immunoassay's validity and utility indices underscores its potential for further development and future application in real patient testing.